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Xi Jinping

Country: China
Era: b. 1953
Tradition: Marxism-Leninism, state capitalism

General Secretary of the Chinese Communist Party since 2012, who has centralised authority, removed presidential term limits, expanded party control over private enterprise, and pursued a "common prosperity" agenda.

Documented positions

Documented positions come from the sources listed. Similarity is this project’s inference from those positions, and is a much weaker claim.

Removal of presidential term limits by constitutional amendment in 2018
Anti-corruption campaign that also removed political rivals within the party
Expanded party committees inside private firms and regulatory action against large technology companies
"Common prosperity": reducing income inequality as an explicit state objective
National Security Law in Hong Kong (2020) and mass internment in Xinjiang
Commitment to peak emissions before 2030 and carbon neutrality by 2060

Where it sits on each dimension

Wealth and inequality

RedistributionMarket outcomes

Evidence: Documented

The state in the economy

Active stateLimited state

Evidence: Well documented

Personal liberty

Collective orderIndividual freedom

Evidence: Well documented

Tradition and change

ContinuityReform

Evidence: Documented

Nation and the world

InternationalistNationalist

Evidence: Well documented

Religion and the state

Secular stateReligion in public life

Evidence: Well documented

Power and its limits

Concentrated authorityChecks and pluralism

Evidence: Well documented

Environment and growth

Production firstProtection first

Evidence: Documented

Crime and punishment

PunishmentRehabilitation

Evidence: Well documented

Sources

Amendment to the Constitution of the People’s Republic of China · 2018
Law on Safeguarding National Security in the Hong Kong SAR · 2020
OHCHR Assessment of human rights concerns in Xinjiang · United Nations · 2022

Last verified: 2026-08-21